Q1. Match the following.
Garh – chaurasi
Tanda – caravan
Labourer – paik
Clan – khel
Sib singh – ahom state
Durgawati – garha katanga
Q2. Fill in the blanks.
A) the new castes emerging within varnas were called jatis.
B) buranjis were historical works written by the ahoms.
C) the akbar nama mentions that garha katanga had 70000 villages.
D) as tribal states became bigger and stronger they gave land grants to temples and brahmanas.
Q3. State whether true or false.
A) tribal societies had rich oral traditions.- true
B) there were no tribal communities in the north western part of the sub continent.- false
C) the chaurasi in gond states contained several cities.- false.
D) the bhils lived in the north eastern part of the sub continent.- false.
Q4. What kind of exchanges took place between nomadic pastoralists and settled agriculturists?
Ans. The nomadic pastoralists exchanged wool, ghee, etc with settled agriculturists for grain, cloth, utensils and other products.
Q5. How was the administration of ahom state organised?
Ans.
- The ahom state was depended upon forced labour (paiks).
- A census of population was taken.
- Each village had to send a number of paiks by rotation.
- People of densely populated areas shifted to less populated areas.
- Ahom administration became centralised.
Q6. What changes took place in varna based society?
Ans.
- Jatis emerged within varnas.
- Many tribal groups were taken into caste based society.
- New rajputs clans became powerful.
- Only the leading tribal families could join the ruling class.
- Many dominant tribes had adopted islam.
Q7. How did tribal societies change after being organised into a state?
Ans.
- The gond chiefs now wished to be recognised as rajputs.
- The ahoms built large state and hinduism became the predominant religions.
- Gond chiefs gave land grants to the brahmanas.
- Ahom kings did not completely give up their traditional customs and practices after adopting hinduism.
Q8. Were the banjaras important for the economy?
Ans. They were trader nomads and controlled trade and commerce. They played an important role in transporting grain to the city markets.
Q9. In what ways was the history of the gonds different from that of the ahoms? Were there any similarities?
Ans. Differences-
- The gonds was lived in a vast forested region called gondwana whereas the ahoms migrated to the brahmaputra valley from myanmar in the 13th century.
- The gonds practiced shifting cultivation whereas ahoms did not practice this type of cultivation.
- The gond society was not much developed whereas ahoms were much developed they use gun powder and cannons at that time.
Similarities-
- Both were capable of building large states.
- Both had to face mughal attacks.
- Both of them granted land to brahmanas.