KHILJI DYNASTY [short notes for UPSC]

JALALUDDIN FIRUZ KHILJI (1290 AD- 1296 AD)-

  • JALALUDDIN FIRUZ KHILJI ESTABLISHED KHILJI DYNASTY AFTER ASSASSINATED BY SHAMSUDDIN QUMERS IN 1290 AD.
  • JALALUDDIN FIRUZ KHILJI MADE ITS CAPITAL KILOKHARI NEAR DELHI.
  • HE ENTERED DELHI AFTER 1 YEAR OF HIS CORONATION.
  • KHILJI RULERS REJECTED THE IMPORTANCE OF ULEMA AND RELEGION IN ADMINISTRATION.
  • JALALUDDIN KHILJI GAVE THE TITLES TO KHANKHANA ARKALI KHA AND KADRA KHA TO HIS SONS.
  • JALALUDDIN KHILJI WAS ASSASINATED BY HIS NEPHEW ALAUDDIN KHILJI IN 1296 AD.

ALAUDDIN KHILJI (1296 AD- 1316 AD)-

  • ALAUDDIN KHILJI CORONATED AT DELHI IN BALBAN’S RED PALACE IN 1296 AD.
  • HIS OTHER NANES WAS ALI AND GURSHAPP.
  • HE ASSUMED THE TITLE OF SIKANDAR SANI.
  • HE DEFEATED THE BAGHEL RULER OF GUJRAT KARNA AND MARRIED WITH HIS WIFE KAMALA DEVI.
  • RANARATAN SINGH WAS THE RULER OF MEWAR DURING THE REIN OF ALLAUDIN KHILJI.
  • AFTER CONQUERING MEWAR ALLAUDDIN KHILJI RENAMED MEWAR AS ‘KHIJRABAAD’ ON THE NAME OF HIS SON KHIJRA KHA.
  • ALLAUDIN KHILJI MADE SIRI AS THE CAPTAL OF HIS TERRITORY.
  • KIRAAN-US-SADEN WAS COMMPOSED BY AMIR KHUSROV.
  • ALLAUDIN KHILJI ESTABLISHED DIWAN-E-RIYASAT (DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS).
  • SULTAN WAS CONSIDERED AS SUPREME JUDGE AT THAT TIME.
  • HE FIRST EVER STARTED POSTAL DEPARTMENT.
  • KOTWAL WAS THE HEAD OF POLICE DEPARTMENT.
  • MARKET CONTROL SYSTEM WAS FIRST EVER STARTED BY ALLAUDIN KHILJI.
  • MARKET SUPERINTENDENT WAS KNOWN AS SHAHANA-E-MANDI.
  • HE WAS THE 1ST SULTAN WHO MEASURED HIS LAND.
  • REVENUE WAS FIXED AT 50% OF THE TOTAL AGRAICULTURAL PRODUCE.
  • RENVEUE WAS KNOWN AS KHARAJ.
  • HE FACED THE MONGOL INVASION DURING HIS REIGN.
  • HE DIED IN 1316 AD.

SOME NEW SYSTEMS WERE INTRODUCED BY ALLAUDDIN KHILJI THAT IS–

  • MARKING OF HORSES
  • KEPT PERMENANT ARMY
  • KEPT FACIAL RECORD OF SOLDIERS
  • PAID CASH SALARY TO SOLDIERS

MALIK KAFUR (JANUARY 1316 AD- APRIL 1316 AD)-

  • MALIK KAFUR SERVED AS A GOVERNOR OF DEVGIRI FROM 1313-1315 AD.
  • NUSRAT KHA PURCHASED MALIK KAFUR A HINDU TRANSGENDER IN 1000 DINARS DURING GUJRAT CAMPAIGN.
  • MALIK KAFUR ALSO KNOWN AS ‘HAZAR DINARI’.
  • ALAUDDIN KHILJI APPOINTED MALIK KAFUR AS A MALIK-E-NAYAB IN 1207 AD.

MALIK KAFUR CONQUERED AREAS AS ARMY COMMANDER –

  • MALABAR
  • MADURAI
  • DWAR SAMUDRA
  • VARANGAL
  • DEVGIRI
  • malik kafur called back to delhi and appointed naib of the sultanate when alauddin khilji was fell seriously ill in 1315 ad.
  • after the death of alauddin khilji he tried to seize the administrative powers by appointing alauddin’s minor son shihabuddin omar (JANUARY 1316 AD- APRIL 1316 AD) (age 5 years) as a puppet sultan.
  • after the dominance of one month he was assasinated by alauddin’s former bodygaurds.

qutubuddin mubarak shah (1316 AD- 1320 AD)-

  • Qutubuddin Mubarak shah WAS THE ELDER SON OF ALAUDDIN KHILJI.
  • HE WAS IMPRISONED BY MALIK KAFUR AFTER THE DEATH OF HIS FATHER.
  • WHEN MALIK KAFUR WAS ASSASINATED IN 1316 HE SUCCESSFULLY SEIZED THE POWER AND HE BLINDED HIS YOUNGER BROTHER Shihabuddin Omar.
  • Qutubuddin Mubarak shah got the throne in 1316 AD.
  • HE ASSUMED THE TITLE OF AL- IMAM, UL-IMAM AND KHILAFAT-UL-LAH.
  • HE WAS ASSASINATED BY KHUSRAU KHAN IN 1320.

KHUSRAU KHAN (JULY 1320 AD- SEPTEMBER 1320 AD)-

  • KHUSRAU KHAN WAS CAPTURED AND BROUGHT TO DELHI AFTER ALAUDDIN KHILJIS MALWA CAMPAIGN AND CONVERTED TO ISLAM TO BECAME A SLAVE.
  • HE WAS HOMOSEXUAL PARTNER OF MUBARAK SHAH.
  • THE TITLE KHUSRAU KHAN WAS GIVEN TO HIM BY MUBARAK SHAH.
  • HE ASSUMED THE TITLE THE COMMANDER OF PROPHET.
  • HE MADE A GROUP OF NOBLES TO ASSASINATE MUBARAK SHAH.
  • ON 10TH JULY 1320 KHUSRAU KHAN BECAME SULTAN OF DELHI FOR TWO MONTHS.
  • HE WAS ASSASINATED BY GHAZI TUGLUQ ON 5TH SEPTEMBER 1320 AD.