AUTUMN BREAK

HOLIDAY HOME WORK 2022

SUBJECT-SOCIAL SCIENCE

CLASS-VI

1.      LOCATE THE FOLLOWING ON THE OUTLINE MAP OF INDIA- BHIMBETKA,  NEW DELHI, AGRA, CALCUTTA, BOMBAY, MADRAS, JAIPUR & PORBANDAR.

2.      WRITE ABOUT GREAT BATH OF MOHENJODARO.

3.      IMAGINE AN IDEAL ENVIRONMENT WHERE YOU WOULD LOVE TO LIVE. DRAW THE PICTURE OF YOUR IDEAL ENVIRONMENT.    (CCT BASED qUESTION)

4.      MAKE A LIST OF 15 COUNTRIES AND THEIR CAPITALS.

5.      WRITE ABOUT SOLAR SYSTEM  AND THEIR PLANETS.

6.      Read the given information and answer the following questions.      (CCT BASED qUESTION)

longest rivers in the world

1.      The Nile River: 6650 Km. The Nile river is considered to be the longest river in the world. Lake Victoria is considered to be the source of the river. It flow through the Egypt, Uganda, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Burundi, Sudan, and South Sudan. The Blue and the White Nile are the two tributaries of the river. Although for most of us, the Nile River is longest river in world, there is a section of scholars who regard the Amazon River as the true winner of this title. Large rivers like the Nile and Amazon have numerous sources and many large and small tributaries. The need to find the furthest source of a river is there if the true length of the river has to be calculated. Often, such sources are located in remote and inaccessible locations, rendering the discovery of such sources an arduous task.

2.      The Amazon River- The Amazon River is undoubtedly the largest river in the world by discharge volume of water. However, its position as the second-longest river in the world is highly disputed as the title has for long been granted to the Nile River in Egypt. The dispute arises from the determination of the origin of the Amazon. A recent 2014 study claims that the origin of the Amazon can be traced to the Cordillera Rumi Cruz.

3.      The Yangtze River- The Yangtze River is the world’s third longest river and the longest to flow entirely within one country. It is also the longest river in Asia. The river basin of the Yangtze houses one-third of the population of the most populated country in the world i.e., China. Traditionally, the government of China recognizes the Tuotuo tributary located in the Tanggula Mountains as the source of the river. According to new data, however, the source of the Yangtze River is located in the Jari Hill from where the headwaters of the Dam Qu tributary originate. These tributaries, and more join to form the mighty Yangtze River which finally drains into the East China Sea at Shanghai.

4.      The Mississippi River- The river system comprising of the Mississippi, Missouri, and Jefferson rivers, is regarded as the world’s fourth longest river system. The river system drains 31 US states and 2 Canadian provinces. The Mississippi River begins in Northern Minnesota where Lake Itasca is believed to be the source of the river and drains into the Gulf of Mexico. However, when we regarded the Jefferson River as the furthest source of the Mississippi River, then we get the Mississippi–Missouri–Jefferson river system.

5.      The Yenisei River- This is the world’s fifth-longest river system and the largest draining into the Arctic Ocean. The Selenge River is regarded as the headwaters of this river system. The Selenge River is 992 km long and drains into Lake Baikal. The Angara river rises from Lake Baikal near Listvyanka and flows through the Irkutsk Oblast of Russia and finally joins the Yenisei River near Strelka. The Yenisei finally drains into the Arctic Ocean. The total length covered is 5,539 miles.

6.      The Yellow River- Called the Yellow River for its color, it is the result of huge amounts of loose sediment in the water, this massive river is also known as the Huang He. Its basin is considered to be the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilization, and it still holds great value for the country, both practically and symbolically.

7.      The Ob-Irtysh River- The Ob-Irtysh, also known as the Ob River, represents one of the three great Siberian rivers, along with the Yenisei and the Lena. It extends from the Altas Mountains and flows into the Arctic Ocean.

8.      The Parana River- Located in South America, the Parana River is one of the longest rivers in the world and the second largest on the continent. Its name is an abbreviation of the Tupi expression para rehe onáva, which translates to “like the sea.”

9.      The Congo River- Previously known as the Zaire River, the Congo stretches in a curve across the continent of Africa and has the distinction of being the only river to cross the equator twice. It’s also the deepest river on earth, with depths of over 700 feet in some places.

10.   The Amur River- Extending along the border between northeastern China and Russia, the Amur River also known as the Heilong Jiang is the tenth longest river in the world. While the word amur is thought to originate from a term for “water,” the Chinese heilong jiang translates to “black dragon river.”

Read the passage above and answer the following questions.

Q1. Which is the longest river in the World?

Q2. Which is the largest river in the world?

Q3. Which is the longest river of Asia?

Q4. Which is the deepest river on earth?

Q5. Which river cross equator twice?

Q6. Which river also known as Huang He?

__________________________________________________________________________________

AUTUMN BREAK

HOLIDAY HOME WORK 2022

SUBJECT-SOCIAL SCIENCE

CLASS-VII

1.      WRITE ABOUT ANY TWO HISTORICAL MONUMENTS OF INDIA.

2.      SHOW THE FOLLOWING PLACES ON THE POLITICAL MAP OF INDIA. SURAT, AJMER, MASULIPATNAM, THANJAVUR AND HAMPI.

3.      WRITE DIFFERENT MEANS OF TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION AND PASTE THEIR IMAGES.

4.      WRITE ABOUT DEMOCRACY, MONARCHY AND DICTATORSHIP.

5.      WHERE THE WATER YOU USE IN YOUR HOME AND SCHOOL COME FROM? MAKE A LIST OF DIFFERENT USES OF WATER IN OUR DAILY LIFE. (CCT BASED qUESTION)

6.      Read the given information and answer the following questions. (CCT BASED qUESTION)

Indus Valley Civilization

Indus civilization, also called Indus valley civilization or Harappan civilization, the earliest known urban culture of the Indian subcontinent. The nuclear dates of the civilization appear to be about 2500–1700 BC.

The civilization was first identified in 1921 at Harappa in the Punjab region and then in 1922 at Mohenjo-daro (Mohenjodaro), near the Indus River in the Sindh (Sind) region. Both sites are in present-day Pakistan, in Punjab and Sindh provinces, respectively. The ruins of Mohenjo-daro were designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1980.

The Indus civilization is known to have consisted of two large cities, Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, and more than 100 towns and villages, often of relatively small size. The two cities were each perhaps originally about 1 mile (1.6 km) square in overall dimensions, and their outstanding magnitude suggests political centralization, either in two large states or in a single great empire with alternative capitals, a practice having analogies in Indian history. It is also possible that Harappa succeeded Mohenjo-daro, which is known to have been devastated more than once by exceptional floods. The southern region of the civilization, on the Kathiawar Peninsula and beyond, appears to be of later origin than the major Indus sites. The civilization was literate, and its script, with some 250 to 500 characters, has been partly and tentatively deciphered; the language has been indefinitely identified as Dravidian.

The civilization subsisted primarily by farming, supplemented by an appreciable but often elusive commerce. Wheat and six-row barley were grown; field peas, mustard, sesame, and a few date stones have also been found, as well as some of the earliest known traces of cotton. Domesticated animals included dogs and cats, humped and shorthorn cattle, domestic fowl, and possibly pigs, camels, and buffalo. The Asian elephant probably was also domesticated, and its ivory tusks were freely used. The best-known artifacts of the Indus civilization are a number of small seals, generally made of steatite (a form of talc), which are distinctive in kind and unique in quality, depicting a wide variety of animals, both real—such as elephants, tigers, rhinoceros, and antelopes—and fantastic, often composite creatures. Sometimes human forms are included. A few examples of Indus stone sculpture have also been found, usually small and representing humans or gods. There are great numbers of small terra-cotta figures of animals and humans.

How and when the civilization came to an end remains uncertain. In fact, no uniform ending need be postulated for a culture so widely distributed. But the end of Mohenjo-daro is known and was dramatic and sudden. Mohenjo-daro was attacked toward the middle of the 2nd millennium BC by raiders who swept over the city. The episode would appear to be consistent in time and place with the earlier invaders from the north (formerly called Aryans) into the Indus region as reflected in the older books of the Rigveda, in which the newcomers are represented as attacking the “walled cities” or “citadels” of the aboriginal peoples and the invaders’ war-god Indra as rending forts “as age consumes a garment.”

Read the passage above and answer the following questions.

Q1. The seals or stamps used in Harappa civilization was made of which material?

Q2. Name the crops grown in Harappa civilization?

Q3. What is the reason behind the end of this civilization?

Q4. Which city of this civilization recognized as UNESCO world heritage?

Q5. How many characters used in Harappan script?

___________________________________________________________________________

AUTUMN BREAK

HOLIDAY HOME WORK
2022

SUBJECT-SOCIAL SCIENCE

CLASS VIII

1.     
WRITE ABOUT ORIGIN OF TISCO.

2.      IMAGINE THAT YOU ARE A YOUNG EAST INDIA COMPANY OFFICIAL IN INDIA.
WRITE A LETTER TO YOUR FAMILY IN ENGLAND ABOUT YOUR LUXURIOUS LIFE AND
CONTRASTING IT WITH YOUR EARLIER LIFE IN BRITAIN.   (CCT BASED qUESTION)

3.     
WHAT ARE THE VARIOUS PARTS OF
INDIAN PARLIAMENT AND HOW MANY MEMBERS ARE IN EACH PART.

4.     
WRITE THE FUNDAMANTAL DUTIES OF
INDIAN CITIZEN DEFINED IN INDIAN CONSTITUTION.

5.      Read the given information and
answer the following questions. (CCT BASED
qUESTION)

The
Revolt of 1857

Causes of 1857 Revolt

The
issue of greased cartridges and military grievances has been over-emphasized,
as the factor for the Revolt of 1857. However, recent researches have proved
that the cartridge was not the only cause for this revolt. In fact, multiple
causes i.e., social-religious-political- economic worked together to produce
the rebellion.

1. Social and Religious Causes: The British had abandoned its policy
of non-interference in the socio-religious life of the Indians. Abolition of
Sati (1829), Hindu Widow Remarriage Act (1856). Christian missionaries were
allowed to enter India and carry on with their mission of proselytizing. The
Religious Disabilities Act of 1850 modified the traditional Hindu law.
According to it, the change in religion would not debar a son from inheriting the
property of his heathen father. 

2. Military Grievances: The extension of British
dominion in India had adversely affected the service condition of the Sepoys.
They were required to serve in an area away from their homes without the
payment of extra Bhatta. An important cause of Military discontent was the
General Service Enlistment Act, 1856, which made it compulsory for the sepoys
to cross the seas, whenever required. The Post Office Act of 1854 withdrew the
free postage facility for them.

3. Political Causes: The last major extension of the
British Indian territory took place during the time of Dalhousie. Dalhousie
announced in 1849, that the successor of Bahadur Shah II would have to leave
the Red Fort. The annexation of Baghat and Udaipur was, however, canceled and
they were restored to their ruling houses. When Dalhousie wanted to apply the
Doctrine of Lapse to Karauli (Rajputana), he was overruled by the court of
Directors.

Causes of Failure

1.
Some of the local rulers like Scindia of Gwalior, the Holkar of Indore, the
Nizam of Hyderabad, the Raja of Jodhpur, the Nawab of Bhopal, the rulers of
Patiala, Sindh, and Kashmir, and the Rana of Nepal provided active support to
the British.

2.
The military equipment of the rebels was inferior. Comparative lack of
efficient leadership.

3.
The modern intelligent Indians also didn’t support the cause.

Impact of the Revolt

1.
The revolt was mainly feudal in character carrying with it some nationalist
elements.

2.
The control of Indian administration was passed on to the British Crown by the
Government of India Act, 1858.

3.
The army was carefully reorganized to prevent the recurrence of such an event.

The
Revolt of 1857 was an extremely important event in Indian history. It was
merely a product of Sepoy but was accumulated grievances of the people against
the Company’s administration and of their dislike for the foreign regime.

Read
the passage above and answer the following questions.

Q1.
What was the recent cause of 1857 struggle?

Q2.
Name some Indian rulers that not supported the 1857 struggle?

Q3. Which
Governor General announced that the successor
of Bahadur Shah II would have to leave the Red Fort?

Q4. Who controlled the Indian administration
after 1857?

Q5. Name some social causes of 1857 struggle?

AUTUMN BREAK

HOLIDAY HOME WORK
2022

SUBJECT-SOCIAL SCIENCE

CLASS IX

1.     
SHOW THE FOLLOWING ON THE
OUTLINE MAP OF THE WORLD- GERMANY ITLAY JAPAN, USA, USSR, FRANCE BRITAIN.

2.     
WRITE A SHORT NOTE ON SOCIALISM,
COMMUNISM.

3.     
WRITE ABOUT MAJOR RIVERS OF
INDIA.

4.     
WRITE ABOUT DEMOCRACY, MONARCHY
AND DICTATORSHIP AND IN WHICH COUNTRIES  THESE POLITICAL SYSTEM EXISTS.

1.      WHY WE USE THESE LONGITUDES ON THE GLOBE, STANDARD MERIDIAN OF INDIA
AND PRIME MERIDIAN.  (CCT BASED qUESTION)

5.      Read the given information and
answer the following questions. (CCT BASED
qUESTION)

Mahatma
Gandhi and their Movements

Mahatma Gandhi
‘Father of the Nation’ is also known as Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He was born
on 2 October, 1869 Porbandar, Gujarat, India. Gandhi ji got married to the
Kasturba Makhanji at the age of just 13 years. He had played an important role
in India’s freedom struggle.

Before discussing
major movements of Mahatma Gandhi let us see some work of Mahatma Gandhi in
South Africa.

·       
In
1906-07, Mahatma Gandhi started a Satyagraha in South Africa against the
compulsory registration and passes for Indians.

·       
In
1910, he announced Satyagraha against emigration and restriction in Natal
(South-Africa).

Some influences on the carrier of Mahatma
Gandhi

·       
His
socio-cultural background especially the impact of Vaishnav Movement.

·       
Bhagvat
Gita impact.

·       
Impact
of Bible.

·       
John
Ruskin’s text ‘Un to the Last’.

·       
Impact
of Emerson Thoreau

·       
Impact
of Leo Tolstoy

On 9 January
1915, Mahatma Gandhi returned back to India from South-Africa at the age of
approx 46. After that he travelled in different parts of India to understand
the situation of India. In 1916, he founded the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad
(Gujarat) to preach the idea.

Major movements of Mahatma Gandhi are as
follows:

1.      Champaran Satyagraha (1917): In Champaran district of Bihar
the condition of Indigo cultivators became miserable under Tinkathiya system.
Under this system the cultivators were forced to cultivate Indigo on the best
3/20^th part of their land and were forced to sell them at a
cheaper price. The situation for the farmers became worse due to harsh weather
conditions and levy of heavy taxes. Then, Rajkumar Shukla met Mahatma Gandhi at
Lucknow and invited him.

At Champaran,
Mahatma Gandhi adopted the approach of civil disobedience movement and launched
demonstrations and strikes against the landlords. As a result, the government
set up a Champaran agrarian committee of which Gandhi ji was also one of the
members. All the demands of the cultivators were accepted and the Satyagraha
was successful.

2.      Kheda Satyagraha (1917 -1918): A no-tax campaign was started by
Mohan Lal Pandey in 1917 who demanded the remission of taxes due to poor
harvest or crop failure in Kheda village, Gujarat. Mahatma Gandhi was invited
and he joined the movement on 22 March, 1918. There, he started

Satyagraha.
The movement was also joined by Vallabhbhai Patel and Indulal Yagnik. Finally,
the demands were fulfilled by the British government and it was successful.

3.      Khilafat Movement (1919): Khilafat movement was started by
the Ali brothers to show the protest against unjust done with the Turkey after
the First World War. Under the guidance of Mahatma Gandhi the movement was
launched against the British government to restore the collapsing status of the
Caliph in Turkey. All India Conference was held in Delhi where Mahatma Gandhi
was elected as a president. He also returned the medals received from the
British Empire in South Africa. The success of the Khilafat movement made him
the national leader.

4.      Non-Cooperation Movement (1920): Non-Cooperation movement was
launched in 1920 by Mahatma Gandhi due to the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
Mahatma Gandhi thought that this will continue and Britishers will enjoy their
control over Indians. With the help of Congress, Gandhi ji convinced people for
starting non-cooperation movement in a peaceful way which is key factor to
attain independence. He framed the concept of Swaraj and it became a crucial
element in the Indian freedom struggle. The movement gained momentum and people
started boycotting the products and establishments of British government like
schools, colleges, government offices. But due to Chauri Chaura incident,
Mahatma Gandhi ended the movement because in this incident 23 police officials
were killed.

5.      Civil-Disobedience Movement (1930): Mahatma Gandhi in March 1930
addressed the nation in a newspaper, Young India and expressed his willingness
to suspend the movement if his eleven demands get accepted by the government.
But the government at that time was of Lord Irwin and he did not respond back
to him. As a result, Mahatma Gandhi initiated the movement with full vigour.

6.      Quit India Movement (1942): Mahatma Gandhi launches Quit
India movement on 8 August, 1942 during Second World War to drive British rule
out of India. In the movement Mahatma Gandhi delivered ‘Do or Die’ speech. As a
result the entire members of Indian National Congress were arrested by the
British officials and imprisoned them without trial. But the protest continued
across the nation. By the end of World War II, British government cleared that
they will hand over the powers to India. Mahatma Gandhi called off the movement
which results in the release of thousands of prisoners.

Therefore, these
are the major movements that led by Mahatma Gandhi and helped India in
attaining freedom from the British rule or colonial rule.

7.     
Dandi march or salt march- He started the movement with Dandi
March from 12 March to 6 April, 1930. Mahatma Gandhi along with his followers
marched from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi in Nausari District, Ahmedabad on the
sea coast and broke the salt law by making salt on 6 April, 1930. Under this
movement student left college and government servant resigned from the office.
Boycott foreign clothes, communal burning of foreign clothes, non-payment of
government taxes, women stage Dharna at the government liquor shop etc. In
1930, the Lord Irwin’s Government called for a Round Table Conference in London
and Indian National Conference refused to take part in it. So, to make sure
that Congress participates in conference he signed a pact with Mahatma Gandhi
in 1931. It was known as Gandhi-Irwin Pact. It focuses on the release of all
the political prisoners and cancellation of the oppressive laws.

Read
the passage above and answer the following questions.

Q1. On
which date Gandhiji returned back to India from South Africa?

Q2. In
which movement Gandhiji gave the slogan “do or die”?

Q3. What
is the reason for called of the Non Cooperation movement by Gandhiji?

Q4. In
which city the Sabarmati Ashram is located?

Q5. Who
started the no tax campaign in Kheda Gujrat?